Technology
Passive Seismic Mapping - PSTT®
Passive seismic transmission tomography, PSTT®, creates 3-D images using the observed travel time of seismic signals originating from micro-earthquakes occurring below the target.
A sparse array of independent seismographs is established above the target. The array usually consists of 20 to 100 stations each recording the output of a 3-component geophone. Typical imaging areas for such an array are 300 to 1500 km2. The 3-component phones are placed 10 to 30 m below the surface to get away from the noisy surface environment. The stations may store their data locally, but often are linked to the processing center by some form of telemetry.
Microseismic Monitoring - PSET®
Passive Seismic Emission Tomography, PSET®, utilizes a FracStar® array of surface detectors to locate very low level acoustic energy emissions associated with hydrocarbon producing activities. There are many potential sources of seismic energy from within the reservoir, all associated with specific dynamic reservoir reactions to producing activities. Mapping of these energy fields can yield valuable information unavailable from other technology.
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